Is Attaching Several Documents To A Single Email Procedurally Unconscionable?

In the high and far-off times, physical delivery was the only option of providing documents to the other side. Before copy machines, an agreement would be written and then rewritten on the same page. The two copies would be separated by cutting them...

Court Finds That The SEC Acted Arbitrarily and Capriciously In Adopting Share Repurchase Rule

When the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed to adopt a rule a rule requiring issuers to report day-to-day share repurchase data once a quarter and to disclose the reason why the issuer repurchased shares of its own stock, I submitted a ...

May A Joint Venturer Withdraw From A Joint Venture In Order To Pursue A Joint Venture Opportunity?

California's Uniform Partnership Act of 1994 provides that a partner has a duty to refrain from competing with the partnership in the conduct of the partnership business "before the dissolution of the partnership". Cal. Corp. Code § 16404(b)(3)....

May Directors Vote By Proxy?

Neither California's nor Delaware's General Corporation Law expressly prohibits directors from being represented by proxy at board meetings. However, it appears to have been well settled in Delaware since at least 1915 that directors may not vote by...

When Cumulative Voting Precludes Election Of Directors By Ballot

The California Nonprofit Mutual Benefit Corporation Law contemplates three different methods for members to take action: at a meeting, by ballot, and by unanimous written consent. Cal. Corp. Code §§ 7512(a), 7513 & 7516. Although the California...

Does An Exchange Of Emails Constitute A Board Meeting?

Under the California General Corporation Law, a board of directors can take action in two different ways - at a meeting or by unanimous written consent.  See Cal. Corp. Code § 307.  Over a decade ago, I posed the question of whether a director could...

California Court Applies English Common Law Even Though California Was Never An English Colony

More than a decade ago, I remarked on the ahistoricity of California's adoption of English common law despite the fact that it had never been a colony of England.* Yesterday, the California Court of Appeal applied English common law to decide a...

Court Leans On Minutes To Find That Non-Inaction Is Action

California's anti-SLAPP statute provides that a special motion to strike may be filed against "[a] cause of action against a person arising from any act of that person in furtherance of the person’s right of petition or free speech under the United...

In This Case, "Primarily" Means A Small Fraction

In a state that classifies clams, crabs and bumblebees as "fish", the ruling in BioCorRx, Inc. v. VDM Biochemicals, Inc., Case No. G061535 (Oct. 23, 2023) should come as no surprise. The issue in the case was th "commercial speech" exception to...