Pre-Merger Non-Solicitation Ban Yields No Antitrust Claim

It is rare that for an employer to instruct its employees not to try to lure aware a competitor's customers. It is rarer still when an employer fires an employee for doing so. These may be rare events, but apparently (or at least allegedly) they...

Congress Enacts M&A Broker But What About George Babbitt?

Those who made it to page 1,080 of H.R. 2617 (the "Consolidated Appropriations Act") will know that Congress has amended Section 15(b) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 to exempt "M&A Brokers" from the requirement to register as brokers...

When Non-Voting Shares Must Approve A Reorganization

The California General Corporation Law permits a corporation to issue shares with no voting rights, provided that at the time one or more classes or series of outstanding shares or debt securities, singly or in the aggregate, are entitled to full...

NASAA Urges Congress To Codify M&A Broker Relief

Last week, the North American Securities Administrators Association sent a letter to U.S. Senate and House committee leaders expressing concern that the appropriations process will "may be used to advance provisions in the draft JOBS Act 4.0 that...

California Bill Requires AG Approval Without Regard To Geographic Or Constitutional Limits

According to Vergil, Jupiter granted imperium sine fine (rule without limit) to the yet to be birthed City of Rome .  Aeneid, Book 1, line 279. As far as I know, no divinity has made a similar bequest upon the State of California. Nonetheless, a bill...

California Bill Would Require Prior Attorney General Approval Of These "Material" M&A Agreements

The California legislature is currently considering a bill, AB 2080 (Wood) that would, among other things, require notice to, and the written consent of, the Attorney General before entering into an agreement or transaction either:

Must An Officer's Certificate Always State Board Approval?

Recently, I was looking at the form of Officer’s Certificate of Approval of Agreement of Merger on the Secretary of State’s website.  Paragraph 2 of the form states:

When Merging What Must The Board And Shareholders Approve?

The California General Corporation Law recognizes three subsets of a "reorganization" - a "merger reorganization", an "exchange reorganization", or "sale-of-assets reorganization". Cal. Corp. Code § 181. Chapter 11 of the GCL authorizes and...

Something Is Missing From Section 1203

In 1988, the California legislature enacted a unique fairness opinion requirement for certain "interested party" tender offers, including a share exchange tender offers (Section 183.5) or written proposals for a written a "reorganization" or sale of...

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